Side, located on the southern coast of Turkey in Antalya Province, is one of the most significant and well-preserved ancient cities of Pamphylia. The city’s roots stretch back to the 7th century BC, when it was founded by Greek settlers. Its name, derived from the ancient Anatolian language, means “pomegranate,” a symbol of fertility and abundance. Side rapidly became a thriving maritime city, thanks to its strategic location and access to major trade routes across the Mediterranean. Over the centuries, Side flourished under various rulers, including the Persians, Alexander the Great, and eventually the Romans, who transformed the city into a major regional center.

Side’s historical importance is largely due to its status as one of the most prosperous ports in the ancient world. Under Roman rule, it reached the height of its power and wealth, becoming a major hub for trade, culture, and religion. Side was especially known for its role in the slave trade, which was a vital component of its economy. The city also became a center of cultural and artistic production, with influences from both Hellenistic and Roman traditions visible in its architecture and urban layout. This blending of cultures is a testament to the city’s cosmopolitan nature during its peak.

One of the most striking aspects of Side is the remarkable state of preservation of its ancient ruins. The city’s grand theatre, capable of seating around 15,000 spectators, is one of the best-preserved in the region. Built during the 2nd century AD, this Roman-style theater served as a venue for gladiatorial combat, public speeches, and theatrical performances. Another important structure is the Temple of Apollo, which was dedicated to the god of light and sun. The remains of its Corinthian columns still stand near the waterfront, offering a picturesque view of the sea. This temple, along with the Temple of Athena, showcases Side’s religious and cultural significance during the Roman era.

Notable structures

Side’s ruins also include an agora (a public marketplace), Roman baths, a monumental gate, and an extensive aqueduct system that supplied the city with water. The main street of Side, flanked by colonnades, still retains much of its ancient grandeur. The city’s fortifications, including well-preserved city walls and gates, are a reminder of its strategic importance in antiquity. Side’s necropolis, located outside the city walls, contains numerous tombs and funerary monuments, reflecting the burial customs of the time.

One of the key attractions of Side is its proximity to both ancient and natural beauty. Nestled along the coast, the city offers stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea, with sandy beaches that have made it a popular tourist destination. Today, the ruins of Side are integrated into the modern town, providing a unique blend of ancient history and contemporary life. Visitors can explore the ancient city while also enjoying the amenities of a modern resort town.

Side’s historical legacy is intertwined with its role as a cultural crossroads, blending Greek, Roman, and Anatolian influences. This rich history, combined with the well-preserved ruins, makes Side one of Turkey’s most important archaeological and touristic sites. The combination of its architectural wonders and historical significance ensures that Side continues to captivate both historians and travelers alike, offering a window into the ancient world of Pamphylia.

Side is located on Turkey’s Mediterranean coast, about 75 kilometers from Antalya. The easiest way to reach Side is by car or bus from Antalya. There are frequent buses and minibuses departing from Antalya’s main bus terminal, and the journey takes about an hour. For those driving, follow the D400 highway along the coast until you reach the well-signposted turn-off to Side. From the town center, the ancient ruins are within easy walking distance.

Theater

Temple of Apollo

You can also explore several nearby historical spots around Side. These close-by attractions offer further insight into the rich history of the region and are easily accessible for visitors wanting to extend their journey:

Perge

60 km

Aspendos

35 km